Teko le Bopaki ba ATE PCB: Melao le Mekhoa ea Bohlokoa

Selelekela

Lisebelisoa tsa Automatic Test Equipment li itšetlehile ka li-PCB tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o nepahetseng tse sebetsang e le khokahanyo ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa teko le lisebelisoa tse tlas'a teko. Liboto tsena tsa li-interface li na le boikarabello ba ho fetola mats'oao, ho tsamaisana le li-impedance, le ho boloka litekanyo tse nepahetseng ho pholletsa le liteko tse likete.

Ho fapana le diboto tse sebetsang tse tloaelehileng, di-PCB tsa ATE di sebetsa dibakeng tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng moo esita le ho senyeha ha letshwao le lenyenyane ho ka lebisang diphethong tsa teko ya bohata le diphoso tse turang tsa tlhahiso. Pele ho kenngwa tshebetsong ya tlhahiso, PCB e nngwe le e nngwe ya ATE e tlameha ho feta tekong e felletseng le netefatsong ho netefatsa tshebetso ya motlakase le botshepehi ba nako e telele.

Sengoliloeng sena se hlahloba mekhoa ea mantlha ea tlhahlobo ea ATE PCB, litekanyetso tse sebetsang tsa indasteri, le ts'ebetso ea netefatso e netefatsang botšepehi ba boto ea liteko bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo ea semiconductor.

Morero oa Teko ea ATE PCB ho Tlhahiso

Ho netefatsa Botšepehi ba Tsela ea Letšoao

Teko ea ATE PCB e qala ka ho netefatsa botšepehi ba tsela e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea matšoao. Seteishene se seng le se seng sa liteko se tlameha ho boloka litšoaneleho tsa sona tsa motlakase tse boletsoeng ntle le ho hlahisa liphoso tse kang ho bonahatsa maikutlo, ho nyenyefatsa kapa ho bua. Mohato ona o tiisa hore boto e fetisetsa lipontšo tsa tlhahlobo ka botšepehi, e boloka ho nepahala ha tekanyo nakong ea ts'ebetso e phahameng.

Ho netefatsa Khanyetsano ea ho Kopana le Boitšoaro ba ho itšehla thajana

Sepheo se seng sa mantlha ke ho netefatsa hore likhokahano tsohle tsa motlakase li sebetsa ka mokhoa o ts'epahalang tlas'a khatello ea khafetsa ea mochini. Matla a hanyetsanang a tlase le litsela tsa fatše li tiisa phallo e tsitsitseng ea hona joale, ha liteishene tsa analoge tse phahameng haholo li tlameha ho lula li arohane le motlakase ho thibela ho lutla kapa tšitiso. Liteko tsena li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka boitšoaro bo sa fetoheng ba matšoao ho pholletsa le liteko tse likete.

Ho Tiisa ho Tšepahala Tlas'a Maemo a Sebele a Khatello

Netefatso ea ts'epo e pepesetsa boto botsofaling bo potlakileng, ho palama baesekele, le liteko tse ling tsa khatello ea tikoloho. Ts'ebetso ena e thusa ho tseba mekhoa e ka bang teng ea ho hloleha - joalo ka delamination, ho roala sehokelo, kapa ho senyeha ha thepa - pele liboto li sebelisoa tlhahiso.

Ho sebetsana le Tikoloho e Batlang ea ATE Systems

Li-platform tsa ATE tse tsoang ho bahlahisi ba kang Teradyne le Advantest li sebetsa tlas'a maemo a hlokang ka mokhoa o ikhethang: ho fetoha ha mocheso ka potlako, ho fetoha ho sa khaotseng ha maqhubu a phahameng, le ho kenngoa khafetsa ha mechine ea lisebelisoa tsa liteko.

Ka lebaka leo, netefatso ea ATE PCB e tlameha ho amohela meroalo e phahameng ea mocheso, motlakase le mochini ho feta likopano tse tloaelehileng tsa elektroniki. Liteishene tsa dijithale tse lebelo le holimo li hloka ho ts'oaroa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng hantle le skew e nyane ea matšoao, ha litsela tse nepahetseng tsa analog li hloka ho itšehla thajana le ho lutla ha morao haholo.

Liteko tsa Motlakase tsa Bohlokoa bakeng sa li-PCB tsa ATE

Teko ea Tsoelo-pele

Teko ea ho tsoelapele e netefatsa khokahanyo e felletseng ea motlakase ho litseleng tsohle tsa matšoao ha ho ntse ho tsebahatsoa ho buloa le marikhoe a makhutšoane a ka thibelang phetiso e nepahetseng ea lets'oao. Lits'ebetso tse ikemetseng tse fofang kapa lisebelisoa tse inehetseng tsa liteko tse nang le lithapo tse kentsoeng nakong ea selemo li ikopanya le node e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea potoloho ho lekanya khanyetso lipakeng tsa libaka tsa khokahano. Mokhahlelo ona oa tlhahlobo ea ATE PCB o tšoara liphoso tsa tlhahiso joalo ka ho se phethehe ka ho rala, mesaletsa e robehileng, le ho kenella ha maske a solder ho ka sitisang phallo ea lets'oao.

Leakage le Teko ea ho itšehla thajana

Tekanyo ea insulation resistance e lekola karohano ea motlakase lipakeng tsa litselana tsa matšoao tse haufi le lipakeng tsa lipotoloho le lifofane tse fatše. Teko ea matla a phahameng e sebetsa liphapang tse ka bang teng ho fihla ho 500V kapa 1000V ho netefatsa hore na metsi a lutlang a lula ka tlase ho menyako e boletsoeng, hangata e ka tlase ho li-microamperes tse 10 bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse akaretsang.

Bakeng sa litekanyo tse nepahetseng tsa analog le litekanyo tsa parametric, khanyetso ea ho itšehla thajana hangata e tlameha ho feta li-gigaohms tse 10 ho thibela bobolu ba tekanyo. Mokhahlelo ona oa teko o bonahala o le bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa liboto tse tsoakiloeng tse nang le li-circuits tse nang le matla a holimo le liteishene tsa ho lekanya tse hlokolosi.

Tekanyo ea bokhoni le Impedance

Lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea sebaka sa nako le tsa marang-rang a vector li lekanya impedance e ikhethang litseleng tsa bohlokoa tsa matšoao ho netefatsa ho khomarela litlhaloso tsa moralo. Methati e nang le pheletso e le 'ngoe e shebaneng le impedance ea 50-ohm le lipara tse fapaneng tse boletsoeng ho 90 kapa 100 ohms li hloka netefatso ho netefatsa botšepehi ba lets'oao maqhubung a ts'ebetso.

Litekanyo tsa bokhoni li khetholla ho kopana ho feteletseng ha likokoana-hloko lipakeng tsa mesaletsa le ho lekanya litlamorao tsa phallo ho li-interface tsa dijithale tsa lebelo le holimo. Ho kheloha ho tsoa ho litekanyetso tsa impedance tse reriloeng ho bonts'a mathata a ka bang teng a ponts'o ea matšoao kapa bandwidth e sa lekaneng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e reriloeng.

Teko ea Tiiso ea Ts'ebetso

Teko ea boemo ba sistimi e kenya kopano e phethiloeng ea PCB ho ATE mainframe ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso tlasa maemo a nnete a tlhahlobo. Karolo ena ea netefatso e sebelisa likhokahano tsohle tsa li-interface, e netefatsa likamano tsa nako lipakeng tsa matšoao, 'me e tiisa hore boto e arabela ka nepo litaelong tsa lisebelisoa. Netefatso ea ts'ebetso e ts'oara litaba tsa kopanyo tseo tlhahlobo ea motlakase e ke keng ea li lemoha, joalo ka mathata a ho lumellana le software kapa bofokoli ba taolo ea mocheso bo hlahang feela nakong ea ts'ebetso e atolositsoeng.

Maemo a Teko a ATE PCB le Tumellano

Litekanyetso tsa IPC

Tekanyetso ea thuto ea IPC-6012 e theha litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa liboto tse hatisitsoeng tse thata, ho kenyelletsa:

• Sebaka sa li-conductor le tumello - Karohano e nyane ea motlakase lipakeng tsa mesaletsa e thibela ho putlama ha motlakase mme e netefatsa boits'oaro ba ho itšehla thajana.
• Hole boleng le plating botenya - Ka-hole barrel botšepehi le lintlha tsa botenya ba koporo li netefatsa hore li ka tšeptjoa ka likhokahano.
• Litlhoko tsa ho qetela ka holim'a metsi - Litlhaloso tsa ho roala li boloka ho solderability le ho thibela oxidation e senyang khanyetso ea ho kopana.

IPC-9252 e hlalosa lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo ea motlakase ka ho khetheha bakeng sa liboto tse se nang batho, tse koahelang netefatso e tsoelang pele, tlhahlobo ea ho itšehla thajana, le tekanyo ea matla a dielectric a phahameng haholo. Mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea IPC-TM-650 e fana ka lits'ebetso tse qaqileng tsa ho lekanya khanyetso ea insulation, ho hanyetsa bokaholimo, le thepa ea kamehla ea dielectric.

ATE-Specific le Customer Standards

Baetsi ba lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa liteko ba boloka litlhaloso tsa beng ba tsona tse tlatselletsang litekanyetso tsa indasteri tse akaretsang ka litlhoko tse sebetsanang le meralo ea bona ea sistimi. Litekanyetso tsena hangata li hlalosa liparamente tse amohelehang ho kenyelletsa:

• Mamello ea skew - Phapang e kholo ea nako lipakeng tsa liteishene, hangata e ka tlase ho 50-100 picoseconds bakeng sa ts'ebetso e hokahaneng.
• Meeli ea tahlehelo ea ho kenya - Fokotsa mats'oao a mangata ho maqhubu a ts'ebetso, hangata a hlalosoang e le -1dB ho ea ho -3dB ho latela mefuta ea maqhubu.
• Litlhoko tsa moeli oa lipuisano - Karohano e nyane lipakeng tsa liteishene tse haufi ho thibela tšitiso, hangata -40dB kapa ho feta ho maqhubu a ts'ebetso.

Bafepedi ba boto ea li-interface ba tlameha ho utloisisa litlhoko tsena tse ikhethileng tsa moetsi le ho kenyelletsa mekhoa e tsamaellanang ea liteko liprothokholong tsa bona tsa liteko tsa ATE PCB.

Maemo a Teko a Tšepahalang

Teko ea khatello ea tikoloho e latela mekhoa ea JEDEC JESD22 kapa MIL-STD-883 ho netefatsa ho tšoarella ha mochini le mocheso. Thempereichara ea ho palama baesekele lipakeng tsa -55°C le +125°C e pepesa bofokoli ba manonyeletso a solder le ho se lumellane ha lintho tse ka bakang ho hloleha ha masimo.

Teko ea ho kenya likhokahanyo e tiisa hore likhokahano tsa mochini li mamella linako tse 50 ho isa ho tse 500 tsa ho nyalana ntle le ho senyeha, ho latela litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso. Teko ea ho pepeseha ha mongobo ho 85 ° C le 85% ea mongobo e amanang le eona e netefatsa ho hanyetsa mongobo ha lisebelisoa le liphahlo.

Ts'ebetso ea ho netefatsa e sebetsang bakeng sa Teko ea ATE PCB

Netefatso ea ts'ebetso ea ATE PCB e latela tatellano e hlophisitsoeng e etselitsoeng ho netefatsa bots'epehi ba motlakase, ts'epahalo ea mochini, le botsitso ba nako e telele pele e kenngoa lits'ebetsong tsa liteko:

1. Teko ea motlakase ea bare board - E tiisa tsoelo-pele ea potoloho le ho itšehla thajana pele ho kopano, ho netefatsa hore ha ho na li-opens kapa li-shorts tse teng ho PCB e entsoeng. Ho lemoha litaba tsena esale pele ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho sebetsa bocha hape ho thibela bofokoli bo ipatileng methating ea morao.
2. Tlhahlobo ea optical le microscopic – Automatically Optical Inspection (AOI) le tlhahlobo ea microscopic li bona mefokolo e kaholimo joalo ka mengoapo, ho se lumellane, kapa litšila tse tsoang kantle ho naha. Liphetho li bapisoa le IPC-A-610 maemo a mosebetsi ho netefatsa boleng ba tlhahiso.
3. Tlhahlobo ea X-ray ea manonyeletso a solder - Kamora ho beoa ha karolo le ho phalla hape, litšoantšo tsa X-ray li tiisa botšepehi bo kopaneng ba solder bakeng sa BGAs, QFNs, le likhokahano tse ling tse patiloeng, ho khetholla likheo kapa borokho bo sa bonahaleng tlhahlobong ea mahlo.
4. Netefatso ea pele ea matla-up - Mokhahlelo oa pele o tsamaisoang o lekola liporo tsa motlakase, ho hula hona joale, le botsitso ba taolo pele o sebelisa matšoao a sebetsang a tlhahlobo. Mohato ona o thibela ho imeloa ha likarolo ka lebaka la liphoso tsa matla kapa matlooa a khutsufalitsoeng.
5. Netefatso e ntseng e eketseha ea sistimi e nyane - Sebaka se seng le se seng sa potoloho - joalo ka liteishene tsa sehokelo, mohopolo oa taolo le litsela tsa ho lekanya - li netefatsoa ka bonngoe. Li-vector tse sebetsang li sebelisoa ho netefatsa nako ea matšoao, ho tsamaisana ha impedance, le botsitso ba puisano pele ho ts'ebetso e felletseng ea sistimi.
6. Teko ea botšepehi ba tikoloho - Liboto tse kopaneng ka botlalo li na le lintlha tse potlakileng tsa khatello ea maikutlo, ho kenyelletsa le ho palama baesekele, mocheso oa mocheso le liteko tsa vibrate. Mekhoa ena e senola mekhoa ea pele ea ho hloleha joalo ka mokhathala oa solder, delamination, kapa ho senyeha ha thepa.
7. Teko ea ho qetela ea netefatso ea boleng - Tlhahlobo ea motlakase ea morao-rao ea tikoloho e tiisa hore litekanyetso tsohle tsa ts'ebetso li lula li le ka har'a litlhaloso. Ts'ebetso ena e phethela ka litokomane tsa data ea liteko le lirekoto tsa ho lateloa ho netefatsa hore ho latela IPC le litekanyetso tse ikhethileng tsa bareki.

Ka kopanelo, methati ena ea netefatso e theha ts'epo e felletseng ho ts'epo ea motlakase le mochini oa li-PCB tsa ATE pele li kopanngoa lits'ebetsong tsa liteko. Karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ikamahanya le indasteri e hlalositsoeng le litekanyetso tsa bareki, ho theha motheo oa netefatso e phethahetseng ea boikamahanyo mokhahlelong o latelang oa mangolo.

Litokomane le Traceability Tekong ea ATE PCB

Kopano e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea ATE PCB e na le litokomane tse felletseng tsa liteko tse tlalehang boleng ba litekanyo, e supang liketso life kapa life tsa tokiso, 'me e ngola nalane ea ho pepeseha tikolohong. Ho latela linomoro tsa serial ho etsa hore ho be le khokahano lipakeng tsa ts'ebetso ea tšimo le liphetho tsa liteko tsa tlhahiso, ho ts'ehetsa matsapa a tsoelang pele a ntlafatso le lipatlisiso tsa tlhahlobo ea ho se atlehe.

Lisebelisoa tse ts'epahalang haholo maemong a tlhahlobo ea semiconductor hangata li hloka lirekoto tse felletseng tsa leloko ho kenyelletsa:

• Tšebeliso ea lintho tse bonahalang - Litokomane tse hokahanyang lisebelisoa tse tala ho setifikeiti sa barekisi le likhoutu tsa lotho.
• Litlaleho tsa parameter ea ts'ebetso - Lifaele tsa mocheso oa nako bakeng sa ho soasoa, potoloho ea pheko ea ho roala, le maemo a khatello bakeng sa lamination.
• Lintlha tsa tekanyo ea teko - Ho bala ka motho ka mong bakeng sa tsoelo-pele, ho itšehla thajana, ho sitisa, le liparamente tsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso.
• Liphetho tsa tlhahlobo - Liphuputso tsa tlhahlobo ea pono, litšoantšo tsa X-ray, le data ea optical scan e nang le liqeto tse hanang.

Lekola litsamaiso tsa taolo ea data li boloka liphetho tsa litekanyo tsa polokelo le ho boloka lichate tsa taolo ea ts'ebetso ea lipalo tse hlokomelang mekhoa ea tlhahiso. Papiso ea boiketsetso khahlano le meeli ea litlhaloso e bonts'a litekanyo tse nyane pele li fetoha mathata a tlhahiso.

fihlela qeto e

Liteko tse felletseng tsa liteko le netefatso li netefatsa hore li-PCB tsa ATE li fihlela litlhoko tse boima tsa ts'ebetso ea lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo ea semiconductor. Ho tloha ho netefatso ea tsoelopele ka tlhahlobo ea khatello ea tikoloho, mohato o mong le o mong oa netefatso o fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa mabapi le boleng ba boto le ho ts'epahala. Ho ikamahanya le maemo a IPC a hlophisitsoeng a kopantsoeng le litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa moetsi ho theha moralo o tiileng bakeng sa liboto tse tšoanelehang tsa liteko.

Highleap Electronics e fana ka litharollo tse felletseng tsa tlhahiso le liteko tsa ATE PCB tse nang le bokhoni bo felletseng bo kenyeletsang:

• Litšebeletso tsa netefatso ea motlakase - Tsoelo-pele, ho itšehla thajana, le tlhahlobo ea impedance ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tse ikemetseng ho netefatsa botšepehi ba matšoao.
• Teko ea khatello ea tikoloho - Ho palama baesekele ea mocheso, ho tsukutloa ha mocheso, le ho pepeseha ha mongobo ho latela liprothokholo tsa JEDEC le MIL-STD.
• Netefatso ea ts'ebetso ea boemo ba sistimi - Teko ea ho kopanya le li-platform tse kholo tsa ATE ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso.
• Litokomane tse feletseng tsa traceability - Ho latela linomoro tsa serial le lirekoto tse felletseng tsa liteko tse fihlelang litlhoko tsa boleng ba bareki.

Ikopanye le sehlopha sa rona sa boenjiniere ho buisana ka litlhoko tsa netefatso bakeng sa projeke ea hau e latelang ea boto ea sebopeho sa ATE kapa ho hlophisa liteko tsa boto ea mohlala le mangolo a ho tšoaneleha.