ATE PCB: Sebopeho sa Bohlokoa sa Teko bakeng sa Tlhahiso ea Semiconductor

Selelekela

Litekong tsa semiconductor , ATE PCB (Automatic Test Equipment printed circuit board) e sebetsa e le sebopeho sa bohlokoa pakeng tsa litsamaiso tse rarahaneng tsa liteko le lipotoloho tse kopaneng tse ntseng li hlahlojoa.

Boto ena e khethehileng ea potoloho e thusa phetiso ea matšoao a nepahetseng, litekanyo tse nepahetseng tsa motlakase, le netefatso e felletseng ea ts'ebetso ho pholletsa le potoloho ea tlhahiso ea IC. Ha lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor li ntse li rarahana le ho feta, ATE PCB e se e le ea bohlokoa haholo ho netefatsa boleng ba sesebelisoa, ts'ebetso le ts'epahalo pele e romelloa ho ea ho bareki ba ho qetela.

ATE PCB ke eng le hore na e sebetsa joang

ATE PCB ke boto ea potoloho e entsoeng ka tloaelo e koalang lekhalo lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo tse nepahetseng haholo le sesebelisoa se tlas'a teko (DUT). Ho fapana le liboto tse tloaelehileng tsa potoloho tse hatisitsoeng, liboto tsena tse khethehileng tsa tlhahlobo li tlameha ho amohela lintlha tse hlokahalang tsa motlakase ha li ntse li fana ka maemo a tlhahlobo a phetoang ho likete tsa liteko.

Tsela ea pontšo e phalla ho tloha tsamaisong ea ATE ka boto ea li-interface ho ea boto ea mojaro (mofuta oa ATE PCB), ebe ka sokete ea tlhahlobo e nepahetseng ho ea DUT. Moaho ona o thusa ho tsamaisa mekhoa e laoloang, ho fana ka matla ka nepo, le ho nkuoa ha data ka lebelo le holimo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor tsa sejoale-joale. PCB ea liteko e tlameha ho sebetsa ka nako e le 'ngoe matšoao a analog, lipaterone tsa dijithale, litekanyo tsa RF, le taolo ea matla ka har'a litlhaloso tse tiileng tsa mamello.

Mefuta ea li-PCB tsa ATE bakeng sa Mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea Teko

Load Board

Boto ea mojaro e emela mofuta o tloaelehileng oa ATE PCB o sebelisoang nakong ea liteko tsa ho qetela tsa lipotoloho tse kopantsoeng tse pakiloeng. Liboto tsena li totobatsa botšepehi ba lets'oao ho pholletsa le liteishene tse ngata ha li ntse li fana ka matla a tsitsitseng ho lisebelisoa tse sebetsang ka lebelo le felletseng. Hangata liboto tsa mojaro li na le mekhoa e laoloang ea impedance, marang-rang a ho bapisa impedance ka nepo, le tšireletso e kholo ea sefofane sa fatše ho fokotsa tšitiso ea motlakase nakong ea ts'ebetso ea liteko tsa lebelo le phahameng.

Probe Card PCB

Li-PCB tsa karete ea probe li nolofalletsa liteko tsa boemo ba wafer pele ho karohano ea die le ho paka. Li-PCB tsena tse ikhethileng tsa ATE li kenyelletsa li-array tsa probe tse ntle haholo tse etsang khokahano ea motlakase ea nakoana le li-pad tsa microscopic bond holim'a li-wafer tsa silicon. Moralo o hloka botsitso bo ikhethang ba litekanyo le mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho hokahanya ho netefatsa khokahano e tsitsitseng ea probe-to-pad holim'a libaka tsa wafer.

Boto ea ho chesoa

Liboto tse chesoang li beha lisebelisoa maemong a khatello a potlakileng ho kenyeletsoa le mocheso o phahameng le linako tse telele tsa ts'ebetso. Li-PCB tsena tsa ATE li tlameha ho mamella potoloho ea mocheso pakeng tsa tikoloho le 150°C ha li ntse li boloka ts'ebetso ea motlakase. Kaho e tiileng e nang le thepa ea mocheso o phahameng le meaho e matlafalitsoeng ea mechini e netefatsa ts'epo nakong eohle ea teko e telele.

Boto ea Sehokelo

Liboto tsa Interface li hokahanya foreimi e kholo ea ATE le liboto tsa mojaro tse ikhethileng tsa sesebelisoa, li fana ka boemo ba lets'oao, phetolelo ea motlakase, le phetoho ea protocol. Lera lena le mahareng le lumella litlhophiso tse fapaneng tsa ATE PCB ho sebetsa le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa liteko, ho ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha ha sistimi le ho fokotsa matsete a lisebelisoa.

Mehopolo ea Bohlokoa ea Moralo bakeng sa Ntlafatso ea ATE PCB

Boenjiniere ba Botšepehi ba Letšoao

Phetisetso ea mats'oao a lebelo le phahameng e hloka tsela e laoloang ea tšitiso e nang le bolelele bo lekanang ho pholletsa le lipara tse fapaneng le libese tsa likanale tse ngata. Baqapi ba ATE PCB ba hlakisa tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea li-stackup tse nang le litšitiso tse shebiloeng hangata ho tloha ho 50 ho isa ho 100 ohms. Lisebelisoa tsa ketsiso li netefatsa boleng ba lets'oao pele li etsoa, ​​​​ho supa mathata a ka bang teng ka ho thuisa, ho kopanya, le tahlehelo ea ho kenya tse ka sitisang ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo.

Khetho e Phahameng ea Boitsebiso

Li-PCB tsa sejoale-joale tsa ATE li sebelisa thepa ea laminate e nang le tahlehelo e tlase joalo ka letoto la laminate le nang le tahlehelo e tlase kapa Panasonic Megtron 6 ho fokotsa ho senyeha ha lets'oao maqhubung a gigahertz. Lisebelisoa tsena li fana ka boleng bo tlase ba dielectric constant (Dk) pakeng tsa 3.3 le 3.8, le boleng ba dissipation factor (Df) bo ka tlase ho 0.005, e leng ba bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka botšepehi ba lets'oao. Khetho ea thepa e ama ka kotloloho ho nepahala ha tekanyo le ho feta ha liteko libakeng tsa tlhahiso.

Kaho e rarahaneng ea Multilayer

Li-stackups tsa ATE PCB hangata li tloha ho 10 ho isa ho 30 ho ea ho li-signal routing tse teteaneng, lifofane tse ngata tsa motlakase le litšupiso tse felletseng tsa fatše. Tatelano ea lera e latela melao e thata ea moralo e arohanyang matshwao a lebelo le phahameng ho tloha ho mesaletsa e hlokolosi ya analoge ha e ntse e fana ka kabo e lekaneng ya matla. Li-vias tse foufetseng le tse patiloeng li fokotsa ho fetoha ha lera le ho ntlafatsa tšubuhlellano ea litsela ntle le ho senya ts'ebetso ea motlakase.

Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho etsa

Ho etsa li-PCB tsa ATE ho hloka mamello e matla ho feta liboto tse tloaelehileng tsa potoloho. Li-microvias tse entsoeng ka laser li nolofalletsa likhokahano tse phahameng haholo tse nang le litlhophiso tsa via-in-pad tse fokotsang bolelele ba tsela ea matšoao. Ho nepahala ha ngoliso ka har'a ± 0.025mm (± 0.001 inches) ho netefatsa hore ho lumellana ho nepahetseng pakeng tsa lihlopha le likarolo tsa holim'a metsi. Liboto tse felileng li etsa tlhahlobo e felletseng ea motlakase ho kenyelletsa netefatso ea ho tsoela pele, licheke tsa ho itšehla thajana, le netefatso ea impedance.

Thermal Management Architecture

Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le li-IC tse nang le palo e phahameng li hlahisa mocheso o moholo nakong ea liteko. Meralo ea ATE PCB e kenyelletsa li-vias tsa mocheso tse hokahanyang likarolo tse hlahisang mocheso le lifofane tsa koporo tse ka hare kapa li-heat sinks tse kantle. Moralo o nepahetseng oa mocheso o thibela ho thella ha tekanyo e amanang le mocheso 'me o atolosa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea likarolo ho pholletsa le limilione tsa liteko tse kentsoeng.

Litlhoko tsa Tlhahiso bakeng sa li-PCB tsa ATE tse sebetsang hantle

Litlhaloso tsa Impedans tse laoloang

Lisebelisoa tsa boto ea liteko li hloka mamello ea impedance ka hare ho ± 5 ho 10 lekholong ho boloka botšepehi ba matšoao. Litaolo tsa tlhahiso li kenyelletsa taolo e nepahetseng ea botenya ba dielectric, ho tsitsisa boima ba koporo, le taolo ea bophara ba ho latela ka har'a ± 0.013mm (± 0.0005 inches). Teko ea Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) e tiisa liprofaele tsa impedance ho pholletsa le litsela tse mahlonoko tsa matšoao pele ho phano ea boto.

Surface Finish le Planarity Control

Khokahano lipakeng tsa li-sockets tsa liteko le li-PCB tsa ATE e hloka polane e ikhethang ea holim'a metsi ho netefatsa khatello e tšoanang ea khokahano. Litlhaloso tsa ho batalla hangata li hloka ho kheloha ka tlase ho 0.05mm (0.002 inches) ho pholletsa le sebaka sa sokete. Electroless nickel mersion gold (ENIG) kapa electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold (ENEPIG) li qeta ho fana ka khokahano e tšepahalang ea motlakase le ho hanela oxidation ha e ntse e kenngoa khafetsa.

Melao-motheo ea Teko ea Motlakase

ATE PCB e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le netefatso e matla ea motlakase ho kenyelletsa:

• Teko ea ho tsoela pele - Netefatso ea likhokahano tsohle tse reriloeng lipakeng tsa lintlha tsa teko le li-pad tsa likarolo.

• Teko ea ho itšehla thajana - Netefatso ea hore matlooa a sa hokahanngoang a boloka karohano e nepahetseng ea motlakase kaholimo ho li-megohm tse 10.

• Teko e nang le bokgoni bo phahameng - Netefatso ya matla a dielectric pakeng tsa difofane tsa motlakase le dikarolo tsa lefatshe ka di-voltage tse phahameng.

• Netefatso ea Impedance - Litekanyo tsa TDR tse netefatsang mesaletsa ea impedance e laoloang li fihlela litlhaloso tsa moralo ho pholletsa le mefuta ea maqhubu.

Litharollo tsa Boenjiniere bakeng sa Mathata a Tloaelehileng a ATE PCB

Ho Laola Tahlehelo ea Letšoao la Maqhubu a Phahameng

Ho fokotseha ha lets'oao ho fetoha ntho ea bohlokoa ho maqhubu a li-gigahertz tse ngata moo le bolelele bo bokhutšoane bo hlahisang tahlehelo e lekanyang ea ho kenya. Litharollo li kenyelletsa ho khetha lisebelisoa tsa dielectric tse tlase haholo, ho fokotsa ka ho fetoha, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong lifofane tse tsoelang pele tse haufi le likarolo tsa matšoao. Taolo e hlokolosi ea impedance ho lihokelo le li-sockets tsa liteko li boloka boleng ba matšoao tseleng eohle ea liteko.

Ho netefatsa Tšepahala ea ho Kopana

Khokahano lipakeng tsa sokete ea liteko le DUT e emela ntlha e tloaelehileng ea ho hloleha ho litsamaiso tsa ATE. Khauta kapa palladium-nickel plating holim'a li-contact pads e hanela oxidation mme e fokotsa khanyetso ea likhokahano holim'a ho kenngoa khafetsa. Litlhaloso tsa polane ea bokaholimo li netefatsa phano e ts'oanang ea khatello ho li-socket pins, ho thibela likhokahano tsa nakoana tse behang liphetho tsa liteko kotsing.

Ho Bebofatsa Tlhokomelo le Phetoho ea Socket

Meralo ea li-socket ea modular e nang le lintho tse kentsoeng tse ka nkeloang sebaka e fokotsa nako ea ho theoha ha likarolo tsa ho ikopanya li aparoa kamora ts'ebeliso e telele. Mehaho e meng ea meralo ea ATE PCB e beha li-sockets likareteng tsa barali tse arohaneng tse hokelang boto e kholo ea mojaro, e lumellang liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa sokete ntle le ho nkela kopano eohle sebaka. Mokhoa ona o fokotsa haholo litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso libakeng tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso.

Leqephe la Ntoa ea Boto ea Taolo

Li-PCB tsa ATE tsa sebopeho se seholo tse fetang 450 ka 600mm li hloka tlhokomelo e hlokolosi ho kabong ea koporo e lekanang le kaho e leka-lekaneng. Mekhoa ea ho etsa moralo e kenyelletsa ho sebelisa li-stackups tsa symmetrical, ho leka-lekanya koporo ho pholletsa le mekhahlelo, le lisebelisoa tse hlakileng tse nang le li-coefficients tse tsamaellanang tsa katoloso ea mocheso. Liboto tse felileng li hlahlojoa ho sephara ho netefatsa hore li lumellana le litlhaloso tsa leqephe la ntoa hangata ka har'a 0.25mm ho pholletsa le diagonal ea boto.

Likopo tsa Teko ea Semiconductor bakeng sa li-PCB tsa ATE

Li-PCB tsa ATE li tšehetsa liteko tse felletseng ho pholletsa le mekhahlelo e fapaneng e kopaneng ea potoloho. Lisebelisoa tsa kelello tse kenyelletsang li-microprocessors le li-FPGA li hloka netefatso ea liparamente tsa nako ea dijithale, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, le litšobotsi tsa tšebeliso ea matla. Li-IC tsa analog le li-signal tse tsoakiloeng li batla litekanyo tse nepahetseng tsa DC, sebopeho sa ts'ebetso ea AC, le tlhahlobo ea karabelo ea khafetsa mekhahlelong e itseng ea ts'ebetso.

Lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo ea memori li hatella meralo ea ATE PCB e nang le liteishene tse kholo tse ts'oanang tsa data tse sebetsang ka lebelo le holimo. Teko ea sejoale-joale ea DRAM le NAND e kenyelletsa netefatso ea nako e le 'ngoe ea mela e makholo ea data ha o ntse o boloka botšepehi ba matšoao ho liteishene tsohle. Teko ea sesebelisoa sa RF e fana ka liphephetso tse ling tse hlokang tlhokomelo e hlokolosi ea ho bapisa le ho sireletsa motlakase ho thibela bobolu ba litekanyo.

Teko ea semiconductor ea likoloi e fana ka litlhoko tse tiileng tsa ts'epahalo tse bonts'ang maemo a thata a ts'ebetso. Li-PCB tsa ATE bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa likoloi li tlameha ho ts'ehetsa mocheso o atolositsoeng ho tloha ho -40 ° C ho isa ho 150 ° C le liprothokholo tsa tlhahlobo ea khatello ea maikutlo tse netefatsang ts'ebetso ea sesebelisoa ho pholletsa le mocheso o feteletseng. Teko ea semiconductor ea matla e hloka bokhoni bo matla ba ho fana ka li-circuits le li-circuits tsa tekanyo ea voltage e nepahetseng tse khonang ho sebetsana le maemo a phahameng a matla.

ATE PCB khahlano le Mefuta e meng ea Boto ea Teko

Ha ho bapisoa le Liboto tse Cheleng

ATE PCB e fapana haholo le liboto tse chesitsoeng leha ho na le ts'ebetso e fapaneng. Leha ka bobeli li thusa tlhahlobo ea lisebelisoa, liboto tse cheleng li etelletsa pele khatello ea mocheso le tlhahlobo ea ts'epahalo ho feta lintlha tse hlakileng tsa motlakase. Li-PCB tsa ATE li totobatsa ho nepahala ha tekanyo le tlhahlobo e felletseng ea parametric ho fapana le maemo a atolositsoeng a khatello.

Phapang ho tsoa ho likarete tsa Probe

Ha ho bapisoa le likarete tsa probe tse sebelisoang tlhahlobong ea wafer, sesebelisoa se pakiloeng sa ATE PCBs se nang le lifomate tse emeng tsa sokete ho fapana le ho ikopanya le silicon die ka kotloloho. Phapang ena e ama moralo oa mochini, theknoloji ea lipatlisiso, le litlhoko tsa ho tsamaisana. Likarete tsa probe li hloka ho nepahala ha boemo bo ikhethang ho hokahana le li-bond pads tse nyane, athe ATE PCBs e nang le loto e kholo ea liphutheloana kapa libolo tsa solder.

Melemo Ho feta Li-PCB tse tloaelehileng

Li-PCB tse tloaelehileng tsa khoebo li sebetsa ka litlhaloso tse khatholohileng tsa motlakase ha li bapisoa le litlhoko tsa ATE PCB. Lits'ebetso tsa liteko li hloka mamello e laoloang ea tšitiso ka har'a liperesente tse ± 5, ho latela mefuta e fapaneng ea bophara tlasa ± 0.013mm, le ho nepahala ha ngoliso e fetang bokhoni bo tloaelehileng ba PCB. Khetho ea thepa, mekhoa ea ho etsa thepa, le liprothokholo tsa tlhahlobo ea boleng li bonts'a litlhoko tsena tse phahameng ho pholletsa le tlhahiso ea ATE PCB.

fihlela qeto e

ATE PCB e emela karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea semiconductor, e susumetsang ka kotloloho ho nepahala ha liteko, katleho ea tlhahiso, le boleng ba sesebelisoa. Katleho e hloka tlhokomelo e hlokolosi ho boenjineri ba bots'epehi, khetho ea thepa e tsoetseng pele, le lits'ebetso tse nepahetseng tsa ho qapa ho pholletsa le mekhahlelo ea moralo le ea tlhahiso. Ha lipotoloho tse kopaneng li ntse li tsoela pele ho rarahana le ho sebetsa khafetsa, theknoloji ea ATE PCB e tlameha ho fetoha ka tsela e ts'oanang ho ts'ehetsa litlhoko tsa tlhahlobo ea moloko o latelang.

Highleap Electronics e ikhethile ka ho etsa le ho kopanya PCB e tsoetseng pele bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa liteko tsa semiconductor. Bokhoni ba rona bo kenyelletsa:

• Tlhahiso e nepahetseng ea ATE PCB - Liboto tsa meroalo, liboto tse chesitsoeng, le likopano tsa sehokelo tse hahelletsoeng ka litlhaloso tse boima tsa liteko tse nang le impedance e laoloang le mamello e tiileng.
• Tsebo e tsoetseng pele ea lintho tse bonahalang – Phihlelo ka laminate e ikhethang e nang le tahlehelo e tlase, Megtron, le li-laminate tse ling tse nang le tahlehelo e tlase tse ntlafalitsoeng bakeng sa phetiso ea lets'oao la maqhubu a phahameng.
• Teko e felletseng ea motlakase - Netefatso ea ts'ebetso ea TDR, netefatso e tsoelang pele, le tlhahlobo ea ho itšehla thajana ho netefatsa hore boto e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e fihlela litlhoko tse thata tsa ts'ebetso.
• Tšehetso ea boenjiniere - Litšebeletso tsa lipuisano tsa meralo li thusa ho ntlafatsa li-stackups, khetho ea thepa, le taolo ea mocheso bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng tsa tlhahlobo.

Ikopanye le sehlopha sa rona sa boenjiniere ho buisana ka litlhoko tsa hau tsa ATE PCB le ho fumana hore na litharollo tsa boto ea potoloho e nepahetseng li ka ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha liteko tsa hau tsa semiconductor le katleho ea tlhahiso joang.