Li-PCB tsa Mahala tsa Halogen ke Hobaneng ha li le Bohlokoa?

Li-PCB ke mali a bophelo a lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale, tse sebetsang e le tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng e hokahanyang le ho matlafatsa likarolo tse fapaneng. Ka tloaelo, liboto tsena li 'nile tsa itšetleha ka li-retant tsa malakabe tse nang le brominated le chlorine ho fihlela maemo a polokeho mollong. Leha ho le joalo, matšoenyeho mabapi le litlamorao tsa tikoloho le bophelo bo botle tsa li-halogen, joalo ka bromine le chlorine - haholo-holo mosi o chefo oo li o hlahisang ha li chesoa - li lebisitse tlhokong e ntseng e eketseha ea lisebelisoa tsa PCB tse "se nang halogen" tse sireletsang tikoloho.

Li-PCB tse se nang halogen li fana ka mokhoa o mong o nang le boikarabelo, li nkela li-halogen tse kotsi sebaka ka lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse thehiloeng ho phosphorus ea tlhaho. Phetoho ena e nolofalletsa bahlahisi ho hlahisa li-PCB tse sireletsehileng haholoanyane, tse mosa tikolohong ntle le ho tela polokeho ea mollo kapa ts'ebetso. Ha indasteri e ntse e tsoela pele ho amohela li-laminate le li-prepreg tse se nang halogen, ho bohlokoa hore bahlahisi le baqapi ba PCB ba utloisise melemo, likhetho tsa thepa, le lintho tse amehang moralong o amehang ho etseng phetoho. Ebang u moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki ea ikemiselitseng ho boloka botsitso kapa moqapi oa PCB ea ikemiselitseng ho lula a le ka pele ho maemo a tikoloho, tataiso ena e fana ka kakaretso e felletseng ea li-PCB tse se nang halogen le karolo ea tsona bokamosong ba lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse tsitsitseng.

Li-Halogen ke Eng, Hona Ke Hobane'ng ha U Lokela ho li Qoba?

Li-halogen li akaretsa sehlopha sa likarolo tsa lik'hemik'hale tse kenyeletsang fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine le astatine. Tabeng ea tlhahiso ea PCB , li-halogen tse amehang haholo ke chlorine le bromine. Likarolo tsena tse peli li sebelisitsoe haholo li-laminate tsa PCB e le li-retant tsa malakabe.

Lits'ebetso tse thibelang malakabe a brominated le chlorine tse sebelisoang linthong tsa setso tsa PCB li nka mefuta e fapaneng, joalo ka polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), le polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Ha li ka chesoa, metsoako ena ea halogenated e ntša lintho tse kotsi, tse akarelletsang dioxin, furan le likhase tse nang le asiti.

Ho pepesetsoa mosi o chefo o hlahisoang ke li-halogenated flame retardants ho hlahisa likotsi tse kholo:

1. Likotsi tsa Tikoloho: Ho lokolloa ha chefo tsena ho ka lebisa tšilafalong ea tikoloho le ho bokellana ha bioloji ka har'a ketane ea lijo, ho ama tikoloho.
2. Matšoenyeho a Bophelo bo Botle: Ho pepesetsoa li-halogenated flame retardants ho hokahane le litaba tse fapaneng tsa bophelo bo botle, ho kenyelletsa tšitiso ea endocrine, tšenyo ea pelehi, mofets'e, le nts'etsopele ea methapo e sa sebetseng hantle.
3. Equipment Corrosion: Ho senya ha likhase tsa asiti tse hlahisoang nakong ea ho tuka ho ka lebisa ho senyeha ha lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki.

Ha tlhokomeliso ea matšoenyeho ana e ntse e hola, baetsi ba lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki ba fetohela ho lisebelisoa tse se nang halogen ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tikoloho, bophelo bo botle le ts'epahalo tse amanang le metsoako ea halogenated. A re hlahlobeng melemo ea ho felisa li-halogen ka botlalo.

Melemo ea Bohlokoa ea Lisebelisoa tsa Halogen Free PCB

Li-laminate tsa PCB tse se nang Halogen le li-prepregs li fana ka melemo e mengata ea bohlokoa ho feta balekane ba setso ba halogenated. E 'ngoe ea melemo e ka sehloohong ke ts'ireletso e ntlafetseng ea mollo le ho fokotsa chefo. Ho fapana le lisebelisoa tsa halogenated, li-PCB tse se nang halogen ha li ntše mosi o senyang, mosi kapa likhase tse chefo ha li tuka. Phokotso ena ea likotsi tsa chefo ea mollo e ntlafatsa polokeho ka kakaretso, e etsa hore li-PCB tse se nang halogen e be khetho e sireletsehileng lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.

Molemo o mong oa bohlokoa ke ho latela melao ea tikoloho. Ha temoso ea tikoloho e ntse e hola, mekhatlo ea taolo lefatšeng ka bophara e ntse e tiisa taolo e thata mabapi le tšebeliso ea li-halogen lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki. Li-PCB tse se nang li-halogen li netefatsa hore li latela mehato e kang taelo ea Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) le taelo ea Thibelo ea Lintho Tse Kotsi ( RoHS ), tseo ka bobeli li fokotsang tšebeliso ea lintho tse kotsi lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Ho feta moo, li-PCB tse se nang li-halogen li fana ka ts'epo e ntlafalitsoeng le ho lumellana ka ho felisa likhase tse senyang tse ka senyang likarolo tsa elektroniki, e leng se lebisang bophelong bo bolelele ba potoloho le ts'ebetso e ntlafetseng ka kakaretso.

Mehopolo ea Moralo bakeng sa li-PCB tsa Halogen-Free

Le hoja lisebelisoa tsa PCB tse se nang halogen li fana ka melemo e hlokomelehang ea tikoloho le bophelo bo botle, li ka susumetsa likarolo tse itseng tsa moralo le masela tse lokelang ho nahanoa ka hloko. E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse joalo ke ts'ebetso ea motlakase. Li-laminate tse ling tse se nang halogen li ka bonts'a boemo bo holimo hanyane ba dielectric, bo ka amang mamello ea impedance le ponts'o ea matšoao. Baqapi ba PCB ba lokela ho ela hloko sebopeho le moralo ho rarolla liphapang tsena le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea motlakase.

Ntho e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa eo ho nahanoang ka eona ke litšobotsi tsa mocheso tsa thepa e se nang halogen. Ho tsamaisoa ha mocheso ha thepa ena ho ka fapana le li-laminate tsa setso tsa FR-4 , tse ka amang bokhoni ba PCB ba ho qhala mocheso. Ho thibela ho chesa haholo le ho boloka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, ho etsoa tlhahlobo e tebileng ea mocheso ho netefatsa hore ho bolokoa ho pholisitsoeng ho lekaneng ka har'a moralo oa PCB.

Litšobotsi tsa mechine tse kang coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) le modulus li ka boela tsa fapana har'a li-laminate tse se nang halogen. Liphapano tsena li ka susumetsa botšepehi ba meralo ea PCB le ho tšepahala. Ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le bophelo bo bolelele, ho khothaletsoa ho etsa tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso e nahanang ka liphapang tsena tsa mochini.

Qetellong, ho cheka le ho tsamaisa lintho ho hlahisa mathata a ikhethang ka thepa e se nang halogen. Lisebelisoa tsena li ka hloka libopeho tse fetotsoeng tsa ho cheka, tšebeliso ea likotoana tse nyane tsa ho cheka, kapa litefiso tse tlase tsa phepelo nakong ea ho etsoa. Ho feta moo, ho etsa bonnete ba hore mask a solder a khomarela hantle ho ka hloka ho hlophisoa ho eketsehileng ha holim'a metsi kapa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa ho khomarela. Ho buisana le moetsi oa hau oa PCB bakeng sa tataiso mabapi le lintlha tsena le ho etsa liteko tsa nako e telele tsa ho tšepahala, joalo ka tlhahlobo ea Time-Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB), ho ka thusa ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho tšoarella ha lisebelisoa tse ncha tse se nang halogen lits'ebetsong tse itseng.

Likhetho tsa Halogen-Free Laminate le Prepreg

Mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea li-resin tse se nang halogen e entsoe e le mekhoa e metle ea tikoloho ho li-laminates tsa setso tsa halogenated. Lisebelisoa tsena li fana ka thepa le litšobotsi tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso:

1. Epoxy: Epoxy e se nang Halogen e boloka thepa e phahameng ea mochine le ea motlakase ea li-standard FR-4 epoxy laminates. Mefuta e tsebahalang e kenyelletsa Nelco's N4000-13SI le Panasonic's MEGTRON 6.
2. Polyimide: Li-laminate tsa polyimide tse se nang Halogen, tse kang DuPont's Kapton, li fana ka mamello e feteletseng ea mocheso le ts'ebetso e ntle ea dielectric, le hoja e le ka theko e phahameng.
3. Hydrocarbon: Li-laminate tse thehiloeng ho hydrocarbon li sebelisa thermoplastic kapa thermoset hydrocarbons e le sistimi ea resin, e fanang ka litharollo tse theko e tlaase tse nang le litšobotsi tse khotsofatsang tsa motlakase. laminate e ikhethang e nang le tahlehelo e tlase' laminate e thehiloeng ho PTFE ke thepa e tloaelehileng ea hydrocarbon e se nang halogen.
4. Cyanate Ester: Li-resin tsa cyanate ester li fana ka ho hanyetsa mocheso o ikhethang le tahlehelo e tlase ea dielectric. Lihlahisoa tse kholo sehlopheng sena li kenyelletsa Isola, Taconic le Arlon.
5. Likhetho tse ling: Lethathamo la mefuta e meng e se nang halogen le ntse le tsoela pele ho hola, le kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tse kang PPE, PPO, metsoako e thehiloeng silicone, le metsoako e tlatsitsoeng ka ceramic.

Ka lehlakoreng la prepreg, bafepedi ba ka sehloohong ba kang Panasonic, Isola, Park/Nelco, le laminate e khethehileng e nang le tahlehelo e tlase ba fana ka khetho e pharaletseng ea thepa ea prepreg e se nang halogen e etselitsoeng ho tlatsa mefuta e fapaneng ea laminate. Li-prepreg tsena li tla ka mekhoa e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa epoxy, polyimide, le litsamaiso tse ling tsa resin, tse fanang ka ho tenyetseha le khetho bakeng sa baqapi ba PCB.

Bokamoso ba Halogen-Free PCB Technology

Li-PCB tse se nang Halogen li emela bokamoso ba tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse tšoarellang tikolohong. Litloaelo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa le nts'etsopele li lebelletsoe lilemong tse tlang:

1. Kholo ea Kholo: Mmaraka oa PCB o se nang halogen o lebelletsoe ho ba le kholo e tsitsitseng, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo (CAGR) se ka bang 3% lilemong tse hlano tse tlang. Kholo ena e tsamaisoa ke ho holisa melaoana ea tikoloho ea lefats'e le tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki tse sebetsang hantle ka tikolohong.
2. Mehato ea Molao: Lithibelo tse matla mabapi le tšebeliso ea halogen li haufi, 'me ho na le melaoana e tlang ho European Union's Radio Equipment Directive (RED) le litokiso tse ling tsa RoHS Directive. Linaha tse 'maloa tsa Amerika li ntse li nahana ka lithibelo tsa li-halogenated flame retardants, tse matlafatsang tlhokahalo ea thepa e se nang halogen.
3. Maitlamo a Indasteri: Bahlahisi ba etelletseng pele ba lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, ho kenyeletsoa Apple, Samsung, Sony, le ba bang, ba itlamme phatlalatsa ho felisa tšebeliso ea li-halogenated flame retardants le ho fetela ho mekhoa e meng e se nang tikoloho. Boitlamo bona ba indasteri ka bophara bo totobatsa bohlokoa ba lisebelisoa tse se nang halogen tlhahisong ea elektronike e tsitsitseng.
4. Lintlafatso tsa Theknoloji: Boiteko bo tsoelang pele ba lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele bo tsepamisitse maikutlo ho ntlafatseng ts'ebetso ea motlakase ea lisebelisoa tse se nang halogen ha ka nako e ts'oanang ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso. Litlhahiso tsena li tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho tsamaiseng litekanyetso tse ntseng li eketseha tsa ho amoheloa ha li-laminate le prepregs tse se nang halogen.

Mekhoa ea lefats'e e supa ho li-PCB tse se nang halogen ho fetoha maemo a macha tlhahisong e ikarabellang ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Baqapi ba PCB le baetsi ba masela ba lokela ho itokisetsa ka matla ho sebelisa likhetho tse se nang halogen, ka bobeli ho latela melao e tiisang le ho fihlela litekanyetso tse ntseng li phahama tsa eco tse batloang ke bareki. Tšebelisano 'moho le barekisi ba thepa le balekane ba tlhahiso ke ea bohlokoa ho fumana tharollo e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa e se nang halogen bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng.

Ho fetela ho li-PCB tsa Halogen-Free: Litšenyehelo le Maano

Ho fetohela ho li-PCB tse se nang halogen ho kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tsa pele le melemo ea nako e telele. Mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa phetoho ka katleho ke ena:

Khetho ea Thepa: Qala ka ho khetholla thepa e se nang halogen e lumellanang le litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea projeke ea hau, joalo ka thepa ea dielectric, botsitso ba mocheso, le botšepehi ba lets'oao. Sebetsa 'moho le bafani ba thepa ho fumana likhetho tse theko e tlaase joalo ka li-laminate tse thehiloeng ho epoxy kapa hydrocarbon.

Teko ea Prototype: Etsa liteko tse felletseng tsa prototype le liteko, joalo ka tlhahlobo ea mocheso le taolo ea impedance, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea li-PCB tse se nang halogen lits'ebetsong tsa hau.

Liphetoho tsa Tlhahiso: Sebetsa haufi-ufi le moetsi oa hau oa PCB ho rarolla mathata a ka bang teng a tlhahiso, joalo ka ho phunya kapa ho khomarela maske ea solder, le ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso bakeng sa thepa e se nang halogen.

Malebela a ho Ntlafatsa Litšenyehelo: Nahana ka ho reka ka bongata li-laminate tse se nang halogen ho fokotsa litšenyehelo ka yuniti. Sebelisa li-PCB tse kopantsoeng, u kopanye thepa e se nang halogen libakeng tsa bohlokoa le thepa ea setso libakeng tse ling.

ROI ea Nako e Telele: Leha litšenyehelo tsa pele tsa ho amohela li-PCB tse se nang halogen li ka ba holimo, li fokotsoa ke ho latela melao ea tikoloho, ho fokotseha ha boikarabello, le keketseho ea 'maraka liindastering tse hlokomelang tikoloho.

fihlela qeto e

Theknoloji ea PCB e se nang Halogen e emela tsoelo-pele e kholo indastering ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Ka ho felisa li-retardants tse kotsi tsa brominated le chlorinated flame, bahlahisi ba ka hlahisa li-PCB tse tala ntle le ho senya ts'ebetso, tšireletso ea mollo, kapa ho tšepahala.

Baqapi ba PCB le baetsi ba masela ba lokela ho hlahloba ka mafolofolo likhetho tse se nang halogen bakeng sa liboto tsa bona ho paka lihlahisoa tsa bona nakong e tlang khahlano le melao e tiisang ha ba ntse ba ikamahanya le litekanyetso tse ntseng li hola tsa eco tse lebelletsoeng ke bareki. Ho buisana le barekisi ba thepa le balekane ba tlhahiso ho tla fana ka leseli la bohlokoa mabapi le ho khetha tharollo e se nang halogen e loketseng lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng.

Indasteri ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki e nakong ea bohlokoa moo botsitso bo lumellanang le lithahasello tsa khoebo. Ho amohela lisebelisoa tse se nang halogen hase feela khetho e nang le boikarabelo bakeng sa tikoloho empa hape ke leano la katleho ea nako e telele ea khoebo. Qala moqoqo le sehlopha sa rona sa lienjiniere kajeno ho kena leetong la hau ho ea ho lisebelisoa tsa PCB tse bolokehileng, tse tala, le tse tšoarellang.

LBH

1. Hobaneng ha likhoebo li lokela ho fetohela ho li-PCB tse se nang halogen kapele ho feta hamorao?

K: Ho fetohela pele ho nako ho ea ho li-PCB tse se nang halogen ho netefatsa hore ho latela melaoana ea tikoloho ea lefats'e e tiileng, joalo ka litaelo tsa RoHS le WEEE. E boetse e beha khoebo ea hau e le moetapele ea mosa tikolohong, e ntlafatsa botumo ba lets'oao la hau le ho u fa monyetla oa tlholisano mebarakeng e behang pele botsitso.

2. Ho amohela li-PCB tse se nang halogen ho ama 'maraka oa sehlahisoa joang?

K: Ho sebedisa di-PCB tse se nang halogen ho ka ntlafatsa kamohelo ya mmaraka haholo, haholoholo diindastering tse kang tsa dikoloi, tsa puisano le tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, moo dihlahiswa tse sireletsang tikoloho di ntseng di batlwa haholo. E boetse e thusa ho fihlela maemo a theko a dikhamphani tse behang pele diketane tsa phepelo tse tsitsitseng.

3. Na li-PCB tse se nang halogen li loketse lipotoloho tse phahameng le tse lebelo?

K: E, thepa e mengata e se nang halogen e entsoe ho boloka botšepehi bo botle ba lets'oao le taolo ea impedance, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng lits'ebetso tsa maqhubu a phahameng le lebelo le phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, khetho ea thepa le liphetoho tse nepahetseng tsa moralo li bohlokoa ho fihlelleng ts'ebetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa.

4. Na lisebelisoa tsa PCB tse se nang halogen li hloka maemo a khethehileng a polokelo?

K: Lisebelisoa tse se nang halogen li ka ba le litlhoko tse fapaneng hanyane tsa polokelo ha li bapisoa le li-laminate tsa setso. Mohlala, li lokela ho bolokoa tikolohong e omileng, e laoloang ho thibela ho monngoa ha mongobo, e leng se ka amang thepa ea mocheso le ea mechini nakong ea tlhahiso.

5. Na ho fetohela ho li-PCB tse se nang halogen ho hloka ho ntlafatsa lisebelisoa tse teng tsa tlhahiso?

K: Maemong a mang, ho ka hlokahala ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa, haholo-holo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa ho cheka, ho lamination, kapa ho lokisa bokaholimo. Ho buisana le moetsi oa hau oa PCB ho ka thusa ho fumana liphetoho tse hlokahalang ho netefatsa hore lia lumellana le thepa e se nang halogen.

6. Na li-PCB tse se nang halogen li ntlafatsa ts'epo ea nako e telele ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki?

K: E, li-PCB tse se nang halogen hangata li ntlafatsa ts'epo ea nako e telele ka ho felisa likhase tse senyang tse hlahisoang ke thepa ea halogen nakong ea ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng. Sena se fokotsa kotsi ea tšenyo ea likarolo tsa elektroniki tse bonolo, e leng se eketsang bophelo ba sehlahisoa.