PCB Backdrilling | Ho Cheka Botebo bo Laolehileng | Advanced PCB Manufacturing

PCB Backdrilling ke eng?

Ho tjheka morao ha PCB, ho tsejoang hape e le ho tjheka ka botebo bo laolwang, ho kenyelletsa ho tloswa ha di-stub ka hara di-PCB tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata ho etsa masoba a pela a nang le di-plastered. Morero wa ho tjheka morao ke ho nolofatsa phallo ya matshwao pakeng tsa dikarolo tse fapaneng tsa boto ya potoloho ntle le tshitiso ho tswa ho di-stub tse sa hlokahaleng.

Bakeng sa tlhaloso e hlakileng haholoanyane ea mokhoa oa ho khutlela morao, a re nahaneng ka mohlala. Ak'u inahanele PCB ea mekato e 12 e nang le masoba a pota-potiloeng a kopanyang karolo ea pele le ea leshome le metso e 'meli. Sepheo ke ho hokahanya lera la pele feela ho la borobong ha ho ntse ho bolokoa karolo ea leshome ho isa ho ea leshome le metso e 'meli e sa kopane. Leha ho le joalo, likarolo tse sa amaneng li etsa "li-stubs" tse ka senyang litsela tsa matšoao, tse lebisang litabeng tsa botšepehi ba matšoao. Ho khutlela morao ho kenyelletsa ho phunya li-stubs tsena tse khutšoane ho tloha ka morao ho PCB ho ntlafatsa phetiso ea mats'oao.

Joale, backdrilling e sebelisoa neng? Ka kakaretso ho khothaletsoa ho nahana ka mokhoa ona ha matšoao a boto ea PCB a sebetsa ka litheko tsa ≥1 Gbps. Leha ho le joalo, ho rala likhokahano tsa lebelo le phahameng ke mosebetsi o rarahaneng oa boenjineri oa sistimi o lokelang ho ela hloko lintlha tse kang bokhoni ba ho khanna ba chip le bolelele ba likhokahano tsa likhokahano. Ka hona, ho etsa lipapiso tsa khokahano ea boemo ba sistimi ke tsela e tšepahalang ka ho fetesisa ea ho fumana tlhoko ea ho khutlela morao.

Melemo le Mefokolo ea ho Khutlela ka morao

Melemo ea PCB Backdrilling

• E fokotsa ho fokotseha ha matšoao: Ho khutlela morao ho thusa ho fokotsa ho fokotseha ha lets'oao, ho netefatsa mats'oao a matla le a ts'epahalang. Ntle le moo, mokhoa ona o fokotsa tšusumetso ea li-stubs mabapi le papali ea impedance, e leng eona e fokotsang mahlaseli a EMI/EMC.
• E Thibela ho Sotha ha Lipontšo: Backdrilling ke mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho thibela mathata a ho sotha ha matšoao. Hoa tsebahala hore ka li-stubs ho ka hlahisa jitter ea deterministic, mohlomong e bakoang ke signal crosstalk, electromagnetic interference, le lerata. Ka ho felisa li-stubs tsena, ho khutlela morao ho thusa ho felisa mehloli ea jitter ea deterministic, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba matšoao le ho thibela ho sotha ha matšoao.
• E fokotsa Crosstalk lipakeng tsa Vias: Masoba a ka morao a kenya letsoho ho fokotseng crosstalk lipakeng tsa masoba a petelitsoeng.
• E fokotsa Jitter ea Deterministic: Ho kenya ts'ebetsong ho khutlela morao ho ka fokotsa jitter ea deterministic ka matšoao, e ka lebisang phokotsong e akaretsang ea sekhahla sa phoso e nyane (BER) ea matšoao.
• E Fokotsa Phallo ea Mekhoa ea Resonance: Ho khutlela morao ho thusa ho fokotsa ho tsosoa ha mekhoa ea resonance.
• E fokotsa Tšebeliso ea Litsela tse patoang le tse foufetseng: E nolofatsa ho etsa PCB ka ho fokotsa tlhokahalo ea ho patoa le ho foufala ka vias.
• Kameho e Nyenyane ho Moralo le Popeho: Ho khutlela morao ho na le tšusumetso e fokolang ho moralo le sebopeho ka kakaretso.
• E Eketsa Bandwidth ea Channel: E lumella ho atolosoa ha bandwidth ea kanale.
• Theko e Tlase ha e Bapisoa le Lamination ea Sequential: Ho khutlela morao ho ka ba le litšenyehelo tse ngata ha ho bapisoa le lamination e latellanang.

Mathata a PCB Backdrilling

Tekanyetso ea Maqhubu: Ho cheka morao ho loketse maqhubu a matšoao a pakeng tsa 1 GHz le 3 GHz 'me ho ka' na ha se sebetse bakeng sa liboto tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng tse nang le li-vias tse sa boneng. Mekhoa e khethehileng ea hlokahala ho thibela mesaletsa le mapheo afe kapa afe a ka morao a boto hore a se ke a senyeha nakong ea ho cheka morao.

PCB Backdrilling Process

• Ho cheka masoba ho PCB: Likoti li chekoa ka har'a PCB ho theha masoba a pota-potiloeng a kopanyang likarolo tse ngata tsa boto ea potoloho.
• Ho koala masoba a ho Beha ka filimi e omileng: Likoti tse behang li koaletsoe ka filimi e omileng pele u kenya likoti ka electroplating ho etsa litsela tsa conductive.
• Koporo ea Likoti: Koporo e pentiloe holim'a likoti ho etsa litsela tsa conductive.
• Tlhahiso ea Graphics ea Outer Layer: Ka mor'a ho theha litšoantšo tse ka ntle tsa lera, graphic electroplating e etsoa ho PCB. Phekolo e nepahetseng ea masoba a koaletsoeng a bohlokoa pele ho ts'ebetso ena.
• Phethahatso ea Backdrilling: Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea pele ea ho cheka, ho sebelisoa masoba a ho beha maemo a sebelisoang bakeng sa ho tsamaisana le ts'ebetso ea ho phunya ka morao ho sebelisoa, 'me masoba a pota-potiloeng a tsoang ts'ebetsong ena a khutlisetsoa morao.
• Ho hloekisa PCB: Ka mor'a ho khutlela morao, hoa hlokahala ho hloekisa PCB ho tlosa litšila leha e le life tse setseng tsa ho cheka.
• Tlhahlobo ea PCB: PCB e ea hlahlojoa ho netefatsa bonnete ba ts'ebetso ea morao-rao le ho netefatsa bots'epehi bo matlafalitsoeng ba matšoao.

PCB Backdrilling Design Tips

Ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea morao-rao, ho bohlokoa ho fa moetsi oa PCB lifaele tsa tlhahiso tse arohaneng tse nang le likarolo tsa morao-rao le lintlha tse qaqileng tsa hore na ke likarolo life tse hlokang ho khutlisetsoa morao. Bophara ba masoba a ka morao bo lokela ho ba bonyane 0.2mm ho feta bophara ba lesoba la pele, ka sebaka sa 0.35mm bakeng sa boro ea pele le 0.2mm bakeng sa mokokotlo ho tloha mesaletsa. Nakong ea moralo oa li-stack-up tsa PCB, ho lokela ho nahanoa ka botenya ba dielectric ho qoba ho cheka mesaletsa e sa lokelang ho kengoa. Haeba likarolo tse itseng li hloka ho phunngoa (mohlala, "tse kholo"), botenya ba dielectric pakeng tsa lihlopha tse sa chekang le tse haufi e lokela ho ba bonyane 0.2mm.

Ho feta moo, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho khutlisa ho kenyelletsa ho fokotsa palo ea li-vias tse foufetseng le tse patiloeng le ho li qoba libakeng tse fokolang haholo. Ho beha li-vias libakeng tse seng bohlokoa haholo le ho boloka bohole bo fokolang lipakeng tsa mekoti ea morao-rao le mesaletsa ea matšoao ho thusa ho thibela lipontšo le litaba tse ling. Ho boloka li-diameter tsa lesoba tse ka morao li le nyane ho bohlokoa ho qoba ho senya mesaletsa le lifofane tse ka morao ho boto. Ho feta moo, ho nahana ka ho khutlisa morao nakong ea moaho oa pele ho thusa ho netefatsa hore mehato e hlokahalang e nkuoa ho ntlafatsa seriti le ho thibela mathata nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso.

Mathata a Ts'ebetso ea ho Khutlisa

Taolo ea Botebo ba ho Cheka ka Morao: Ho laola botebo ba ho cheka ka morao ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sebetsa ka nepo ha li-vias tse foufetseng. Ho mamella botebo ba ho cheka ka morao ho susumetsoa haholo-holo ke ho nepahala ha lisebelisoa tsa ho cheka ka morao le mamello ea botenya ba dielectric. Leha ho le joalo, lintlha tsa kantle tse kang ho hanyetsa drill bit, angle ea ntlha ea ho cheka, litlamorao tsa ho kopana pakeng tsa poleiti ea sekoahelo le yuniti ea ho lekanya, le ho kobeha ha boto le tsona li ka ama ho nepahala ha ho cheka ka morao. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ea ho cheka le mokhoa ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela liphetho tse ntle le ho laola ho nepahala ha ho cheka ka morao. Ka ho laola botebo ba ho cheka ka hloko, baenjiniere ba meralo ba ka netefatsa phetiso ea lets'oao la boleng bo holimo le ho thibela mathata a botšepehi ba lets'oao.

Taolo ea ho Cheka ka Morao ka ho Nepahala: Taolo e nepahetseng ea ho cheka ka morao e bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo ea boleng ba PCB lits'ebetsong tse latelang. Ho cheka ka morao ho kenyelletsa ho cheka ka bobeli ho latela bophara ba lesoba la mantlha, 'me ho nepahala ha ho cheka hona ha bobeli ho bohlokoa. Mabaka a 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa katoloso le ho honyela ha boto, ho nepahala ha lisebelisoa, le mekhoa ea ho cheka, a ka susumetsa ho nepahala ha li-drill tsa bobeli tse tšoanang. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa taolo e nepahetseng ea ts'ebetso ea ho cheka ka morao ho fokotsa liphoso le ho netefatsa phetiso le botšepehi bo botle ba lets'oao.

Tšebeliso ea PCB Backdrilling

Ho tjheka morao ha PCB ho sebediswa hangata meralong ya mekhahlelo e mengata moo ho sa sebedisweng ka di-stub ho ka senyang botšepehi ba lets'oao ka sekgahla se hodimo sa data. Ka ho tlosa karolo e sa sebediswang ya lesoba le tjhesitsweng ka hara plati, ho tjheka morao ho fokotsa ho bonahatsa, kotsi ya ho thothomela, le tahlehelo ya ho kenya hodima dihokelo tsa bohlokwa—haholoholo ha di-interface di sebetsa ho potoloha lebelo la gigabit le ho feta. Bakeng sa moelelo wa moralo, dihlopha tse ngata di lekola ho tjheka morao hammoho le mekgwa ya ho rala PCB ya lebelo le hodimo le ho netefatsa ditlhoko ka ho beha di-stackup le di-channel.

• Meralo ea motheo ea puisano le marang-rang: Liteishene tsa motheo, lipalangoang tsa optical, li-router, le li-switch li itšetlehile ka liteishene tse hloekileng tsa lebelo le phahameng. Hangata ho cheka morao ho sebelisoa meralong ea backplane le line-card ho fokotsa litšitiso tse amanang le stub le ho ntlafatsa phaello lihokelong tsa bohlokoa.
• Li-server tsa data le litsi tsa data: Li-platform tsa ho bala le litsamaiso tsa ho fetola li-bandwidth tse phahameng li rua molemo ho tsoa ho resonance e fokotsehileng ea via-stub le litsela tse hloekileng tsa ho khutlisa. Ho cheka morao ho thusa ho tšehetsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ha lebelo la litsela le ntse le eketseha holim'a mapolanka a teteaneng a nang le mekhahlelo e mengata.
• Lisebelisoa tsa k'homphieutha tse sebetsang hantle le tsa liteko: Li-node tsa supercomputer, lisebelisoa tse lebelo le phahameng, le li-platform tsa ho lekanya laboratori li hloka boitšoaro ba kanale bo ka phetoa-phetoang. Ho cheka morao ho ka ntlafatsa botsitso ba lihokelo ka ho fokotsa ho se tsoele pele ho bakoang ke ho se sebelisoe ka bolelele ba libarele.
• Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki tse nang le phallo e phahameng ea data: Li-smartphone tse ntle, matlapa, le lipontšo tse nang le qeto e phahameng li ka sebelisa ho cheka morao ho li-PCB tse kopaneng tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata ho tšehetsa li-interface tsa video le data tse hlokang tlhokomelo ntle le ho sotha lets'oao ho feteletseng.
• Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bongaka, tsa lifofane le tsa tshireletso: Mekhoa e kang ho nka litšoantšo, li-avionic, radar le puisano ea sathelaete hangata e beha tšebetso ea matšoao a itseng pele. Ho cheka morao ho sebelisoa moo bongata ba litsela tse ngata le litlhoko tsa ts'epo li etsang hore taolo ea stub e be ea bohlokoa.
• Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi: Thuso e tsoetseng pele ea bakhanni, balaoli ba domain, le puisano ea likoloi li sebelisa li-interface tsa lebelo le phahameng haholo. Ho cheka morao e ka ba karolo ea leano la ho fokotsa lipontšo le ho boloka moeli oa matšoao mehahong e teteaneng ea likoloi tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata.
• Boiketsetso ba indasteri: Taolo ea motsamao, pono ea mochini, le liforomo tsa marang-rang a indasteri li ka sebelisa ho cheka morao ho boloka boleng ba lets'oao ho pholletsa le likhokahano tse teteaneng libakeng tse nang le lerata la motlakase.

Ha e le hantle, ho tjheka morao hangata ho hlaloswa e le karolo ya leano la kakaretso la kanale le kenyeletsang moralo wa impedance o laolwang le ka ho etsa mohlala. Moo ho tjheka morao ha stub le diphetoho e leng taba ya bohlokwa, baenjiniere hangata ba bua ka boitshwaro dibakeng tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng (ho kenyeletswa le ho tjheka morao ha stub) hammoho le diqeto tsa ho tjheka morao; bona RF PCB ka mehopolo ya moralo.

Notlolla bokgoni bo felletseng ba meralo ya hao ya elektroniki ka ditharollo tsa tlhahiso ya PCB tse sejoale-joale tsa Highleap Electronic le HDI PCB . Hore na o haha ​​disebediswa tsa puisano tse potlakileng, disebediswa tsa bongaka tse tswetseng pele, kapa ditsamaiso tsa dikoloi, boiphihlelo ba rona bo netefatsa botšepehi le tshebetso ya matshwao a sa bapisweng. Ka ho fedisa di-stubs tse sa batleheng, ho fokotsa ho bua ka tsela e fapaneng, le ho ntlafatsa bandwidth ya kanale, tshebetso ya rona ya ho tjheka morao e fana ka boleng bo hodimo ba matshwao esita le bakeng sa dikopo tse hlokang thuso haholo. Ka boenjiniere bo nepahetseng, thepa e tswetseng pele, le maano a tlhahiso a theko e tlase, Highleap Electronic ke molekane wa hao ya tshepahalang bakeng sa di-PCB tse sebetsang hantle, tse tshepahalang, le tse ntjha. Phahamisa dihlahiswa tsa hao kajeno—ikopanye le rona bakeng sa puisano e ikgethileng mme o bone phapang eo ho nepahala ho e etsang!

Likhopotso:

1. Morero oa mantlha oa PCB backdrilling ke ofe?

PCB backdrilling e sebelisetsoa ho tlosa ho sa hlokahaleng ka li-stubs ho li-PCB tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata ho ntlafatsa botšepehi ba matšoao, ho fokotsa crosstalk, le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea kakaretso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse lebelo haholo.

2. PCB backdrilling e ama botšepehi ba matšoao joang ho meralo ea maqhubu a holimo?

Ho khutlela morao ho felisa li-stubs tse bakang lipontšo, crosstalk, le jitter, e leng se bakang phetisetso e hlakileng haholoanyane, e tšepahalang haholoanyane ka maqhubu a ka holimo ho 1 GHz.

3. Liqholotso tsa ho laola botebo ba ho khutlela morao ke life?

Ho laola botebo ba ho khutlela morao ho susumetsoa ke lintlha tse kang drill bit resistance, ho nepahala ha thepa, le botenya ba dielectric. Taolo e nepahetseng ea botebo e bohlokoa ho qoba ho senya likarolo tse sa lebelloang kapa mesaletsa.

4. Na backdrilling loketse HDI PCB meralo ka vias foufetseng le patoa?

Backdrilling ha e sebelisoe hangata bakeng sa li-PCB tsa HDI tse nang le li-vias tse foufetseng le tse patiloeng. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho hlokahala, mekhoa e khethehileng e sebelisoa ho boloka botšepehi ba likhokahano tse phahameng.

5. Baetsi ba etsa bonnete ba ho nepahala joang nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho khutlisa morao?

Baetsi ba sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele, mamello e tiileng, le mehato e matla ea ho laola boleng, ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea optical e ikemetseng le tlhahlobo ea X-ray, ho netefatsa ho nepahala ha ho khutlela morao.

6. Ke liindasteri life tse ruang molemo haholo ho tsoa ho PCB backdrilling?

Liindasteri tse kang likhokahano tsa mehala, litsi tsa data, sepakapaka, lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi li rua molemo haholo ka ho khutlela morao ka lebaka la ho itšetleha ha tsona ka ponts'o ea lebelo le holimo le ea maqhubu a holimo.